The lower house of the Polish parliament adopted a resolution, on 23 January, urging Conservative President Lech Kaczynski to ratify the Lisbon Treaty, which the head of state has refused to sign for ten months. “Noting that adoption of the treaty is the sovereign decision of each EU member state, the Diet asks the president to respect the will of the two houses of parliament and to complete ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon as soon as possible,” states the resolution. The pro-European Liberals in office and the left-of-centre opposition voted in favour of the text. The Eurosceptic Conservatives led by Jaroslaw Kaczynski, the president’s twin brother, voted against it. The Polish parliament approved the treaty in April 2008 but Kaczynski has not yet signed the ratification act. He has pledged to do so after a positive outcome to the second referendum in Ireland. (CSA)